Natural Stone refers mined from natural rocks and processed into a block or plate material in general. Architectural decorative facing stone marble and granite are mainly two categories.
Marble is a metamorphic rocks or sedimentary carbonate rocks , its main chemical composition is calcium carbonate , about 50 % or more, and magnesium carbonate , calcium oxide , manganese oxide and silicon oxide at the second . Marble is a medium hard stone .
Marble color and composition, in the white calcium carbonate , magnesium carbonate, manganese violet , black carbocyclic or asphaltenes -containing drilling green compounds, chromium compounds containing yellow , red brown, purple, manganese and iron oxide brown water compounds , a variety of colors are a variety of different components containing impurities . Pure white marble composition is more simple , but most marble two or more components are mixed together. Various colors of marble , dark red , red the most unstable , green second. White single component is relatively stable , easy to weathering and discoloration , such as white marble marble contains chemical properties of unstable red, dark red or yellow gold with smooth surface particles , then make the marble loose structure, under the action of the sun to produce a qualitative changed.
Due to the high price of marble slabs , is a high-grade decorative material , commonly used in hotels, exhibition halls, theaters , shopping malls . Airports, railway stations and other public buildings, interior walls, cylinders, railings , window panels , services, countertops and other parts. Now they have a relatively high level of residential decorative marble slabs do with the living room floor decoration , elegant look . But rarely used in residential decorative wall decoration made of marble slabs , marble wall decoration is mainly because of the construction operation technically demanding . In addition, also produce a variety of marble decorations, such as murals , screen , seat screen , hanging , wall decorations and other indoor decorative wins , can also be used to fight high-level hardwood inlaid mosaic flower pots and carved furniture .
Marble decorative plates are polished by grinding the mirror plate , the surface bright as a mirror, crystal clear, smooth and delicate texture , so the main consideration when choosing the color pattern of the surface and interior to match other parts of the material can be.
Natural granite is mainly composed of aluminum silicate magma . The main chemical composition of alumina and silica , as well as a small amount of calcium oxide , magnesium oxide , etc., it is an acidic crystalline rocks . Belong to the hard stone .
Granite hard, acid, corrosion resistance , high temperature resistance, light resistance, cold, abrasion, durability, appearance and color can be maintained more than a century . Another granite rich colors, delicate lattice pattern uniform , after treatment by polishing bright as a mirror , feel strong , noble ornate decorative effect . The ancient Mayans have a solid plate decor .
Because granite is not easy weathering deterioration , and more for the foundation and exterior wall finishes , but also for interior walls , cylindrical , window panels , etc.. Also, because the granite hardness, wear resistance , it is also commonly used in advanced architectural engineering hall on the ground , such as hotels, restaurants, auditoriums hall.
Granite surface finish in varying degrees, that is, they are not the same as the surface texture , use should pay attention . Generally mirror plate surface plate surface smooth and fine smooth , delicate texture , used for interior walls and floors , but also for part of the construction of the outer wall decoration , after paving tobacco smoke brilliance, overwhelmed reflected, sudden and devastating sense of grandeur . Rough sheet surface texture rough, coarse expansion , mainly used for outdoor wall base and wall decorations , there is a simple, return to natural intimacy.
As for the choice of granite color pattern , you should consider the whole building decoration requirements and other parts of the material color coordinated.
In addition , natural stone expensive, the choice should be carefully considered. The effect of a single block of stone finishes with the whole effect will be different , it is not simply based on a single block of color patterns to determine the sample should expect if a large area of paving the overall effect , the best reference is a similar stone decoration good construction finishes, so as to avoid waste caused by improper selection .
Architectural decorative stone natural stone and artificial stone two categories, and natural stone -based, it is an advanced decorative material, mainly used for decoration high level requirements of the project, artificial stone decorative materials belonging to the lower grade used only for low-grade interior decoration project.
Natural stone is from the natural rock mined and processed into a block or plate material in general. Architectural decorative natural stone yao granite and marble are mainly two kinds .
The so-called marble is deposited carbonate rocks or metamorphic rocks , there are marble, dolomite, limestone , sandstone, shale and slate . As China's famous white marble is the Beijing Fangshan produced dolomite, marble is produced in Yunnan Dali County, marble, compared with the famous Dandong green serpentine skarn . Similarly, as the various types of stone mining magmatic rocks , such as granite , andesite , diabase , green gabbro , granite gneiss called . If Beijing Stream white tiger white granite granite , Jinan Green is gabbro, and Qingdao black granite is diabase .
Artificial stone is a synthetic decorative materials. According to the binder can be divided into organic and inorganic artificial stone artificial stone types . Different according to their production process , can be divided into polyester artificial marble , artificial marble compound , silicate -based artificial marble, artificial marble sintered four types.
Four kinds of artificial stone decorative materials to organic ( polyester ) most commonly used , its physical and chemical properties are the best .
Marble is a high-end decorative materials, purchase must be careful to avoid wasting money. Identification appearance quality marble from the following few from the hand .
( 1 ) determine the pattern of colors in well-lit conditions, would have chosen the same batch of plates and others want to buy marble slabs while flat on the ground , standing at 1.5m from their careful visual inspection. Requires the same batch marble pattern shades should be basically reconciled.
( 2 ) Inspection of surface defects in a well-lit conditions, the sheet flat on the ground , standing marble lin from invisible defects observed at that there is no defect ; standing at plate in a visible place lin . sin at the obvious flaw is no obvious defects ; standing at plate 1 . sin at the obvious visible defects that are defective. ' Specific defects observed i plate warping ; plate surface cracks , blisters , color spots , stains and dents phenomenon exists . If it is determined above several defects not then plate for Excellence in goods , while the front plate missing edge off angle must not have defects ; obvious defects if the above is also no obvious missing edge off angle , it can be identified as a piece of sheet metal goods ; if there are several flaws but that do not affect use, and the front plate is not more than just a Director 8mm, width is not more than 3mm or lack of edge length, width no greater than 3mm off angle , you can determine if the board is qualified . Plates during transportation , loading and unloading and break something , you can be bonded ( for broken plates ) or patch ( for angular defects , surface potholes or pits ) . But the bond , after repairing the front does not allow visible marks , color to color with a positive approach .
( 3 ) Check mark marble marker order: nomenclature, classification , size , grade, standard marble named order: blocks origin names, feature names floral tones , marble ( code M). Marble slabs are divided into two categories: general type plate ( code N): a square or rectangular plates ; profiled plate ( code S): other shapes of the plate . There are three levels of marble slabs : Excellence ( code A), first-class product ( code-named B) and qualified products ( code C). Grading is based on the specifications sheet size tolerance, flatness tolerances allowable limit , the limit angle allowed tolerances, quality and appearance of specular gloss . For example Beijing Fangshan white marble blocks the production of P -type sizes of the first-class products for the 600mmX400mmX20mm sheet named: Fangshan white marble , marked : Fangshan white marble (M) N600X400X20BJC79 marble slabs should be specified at the factory : manufacturing plant names , trademarks and logos . So by looking at the mark on the plate can understand the overall appearance of quality .
Marble plates with general type ( square or rectangular plates ) and shaped sheet metal ( other shapes of the plate ) categories. To ensure the plate after paving neat seams , national standards for the marble slab sizes allowable deviation, flatness tolerances allowable limit , the angle allowable limit tolerances. ( 1 ) Size tolerance Description : thickness less than or equal to 15mm , ask a permissible limit on the plate thickness deviation is 1.0mm ( standard thickness can be thick or thin l.0mm, exceeding this value is the unqualified goods ) ; sheet thickness greater than 15mm , the thickness of the sheets with an allowable limit deviation of 2.0mm. Sheet length and width must not exceed the specified value , but can be slightly lower than the specified value. Size measurement, with a scale value of 1.0mm sheet steel ruler to measure the length and width ; with readings of vernier caliper is 0.1mm thickness of the sheet .
( 2 ) Flatness Flatness tolerances allowable limit is the smoothness of the flat plate , which affects the paving stone after the smoothness of the finish . Measurement is to meet the measurement requirements of steel flat feet are detected on the plate affixed to the two diagonal plane , because the board can not be very smooth , it will face in the measurement of flat feet and a gap between the plate surface , can be measured feeler gauge to measure the gap size . If they are seized diagonal length is greater than 1000mm plate surface , use a length of 1000mm steel flat feet diagonally segmented detection . The maximum size of the gap that sheet flatness tolerance limits .
( 3 ) the angle tolerances allowable limit patchwork sheet, front and side angle not greater than 90 . Shaped plate angle tolerances allowable limit determined by the supply and demand sides negotiated . On a flat plate angle is the angle between two adjacent sides . P -type plate two adjacent angle should be 90o. When measured with the provisions of 90 " steel square, close to the long side of the Square plate long and short sides close to the short side plate , with a feeler Square plate with a gap between the size of the short side . Plates were measured according to the regulations two pairs of angles or corners of the plate to which the maximum permissible limits of gap size as the angle tolerance value .
